Upholstery machine



Sept. 29,1931. F. w. BRINTNALL ET Al.

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE 15 sheets-sheet 1 Filed 001.5. 1928 Sept. 29, 19341. F. w. BRlNTNALL ET AL 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed Oct. 5. 1928 15 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 29, 1931. F. w. BRINTNALL ET AL UPHOLSTERY MACHINE med oct. 5, 192B 15 sheets-sheet a Sept.29,1931. `F. w. BRINTNALL Em. 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE 15 Sheets-Sheetv 4 Filed 0G13. 5. 1928 Sept@ 29, 1931- F. w. BRINTNALL ET Al. 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed Oct. 5. 1928 15 Sheets-Sheet 5 Sept. 29, 1931.

* F. w. BRINTNALL ET AL 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed 001.5. 192s 15 Sheets--Sheml 6 w aw, www mw \Q%J W 1 3 H www a l w j ,f

w www SePt- 29, 1931 F. w. BRINTNALL ET AL 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE 4 Filed oct. 5, 1928 15 sheets-sheet 7 lllll ..0 @Z y Il" 0%/ Sept 29, 1931- F. w. BRINTNALL ET AL 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed Oct. 5, 1928 15 Sheets-Sheet 8 Sept. 29, 1931. F. w. BRINTNALL ET AL 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE l Filed Oct. 5, 1928 l5 Sheets-Sheet 9 1' j@ /fz 1%/ Sept. 29, 1931. F. w. BRINTNALL ET Al. 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed OC. 5, 1928 l5 SheletS-Sheet l0 Sept. 29, 1931. F. w. BRINTNALL ET Al. i 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed 0015, 1928 15 sheets-sheet 11' Sept. 29, 1931. F. w. BRINTNALL ET AL 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed Oct. 5, 1928 15 Sheets-Sheet 12 Sept. 29, 1931. F. w. BRINTNALL ET Al. 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed Oct. 5, 1928 15 Sheets-Sheet' 13 Sept. 29, 1931. F. w. BRINTNALL ET AL 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed oct. 5. 1928 15 sheets-sheet 14 f zw;

Sept'- 29, .1931- F. w. BRINTNALL ET Al. 1,825,573

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed Oct. 5, 1928 l5 SheetS-SheeiI 15 f and carrying lalso a Wadding-breaker roll.' which isfadapted! to break the strips of batrnenrea sept. ae, i931 narran smss 'eP-raar .oi-ri FRANK W. BRINTNALL Ann FREDERIGKN. Ross, or DETROIT, anoniem, AssmNoBs,

BY MESNE ASSI(:`rNN[IE1\T'.LS, T0 NATIONAL AUTOllfi'lilIVlEv FIBREAS, TON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE INC., OF WILMING- UPHoLs'rEnY' MACHINE Application sled october 5, 192s. serial No. masse.

This invention relates particularly to a Ina-1 chine adapted to the purpose of manufacturing cushions, or tubular upholstery.

The primary object is to provide an improvedmachine which is capable of producing a large output ofpleated upholstery. T he invention Autilizes improved sewing mechanism'producing a double chain stitch, commonly called a lock-stitch seam.` It may be stated preliminarily that in the preferred embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, vthe machine comprises: .A bed over which the covering, or linish-fabric, of the upholstery is fed, the finish-fabric being carried through the machine on the relatively long ridge-forming, or seam-forming,

chains, and the pleats, or pipes, beingca-rried by relatiyely short wide chains arranged near the front end ofl the machine; a groovcd seam-forming roll i which co-acts with the ridging, or seam-forming, chains near their rear ends and which also cooperates with a series of creuser-shoes which form creases or relatively shallow seams in the lining or foundation fabric (the upper fabric) ,the formingroll being carried by a vertically adjustable cross-head` on which is also mountedarockmember which maybe swung about a pivbt by mechanism mounted on` the cross-beati, saidl rock-member carrylng the creaser--shoes ting at intervals," corresponding with the .length ot the cushions bein formed, so as to leave skirt portions of the abric without filling; a series of gathering devices arranged above the ridge-forming chains which carry the huish-fabric, these gathering devices cooperating with the ridge-forming chains in.

forming the U-shape seams, or ridges, which have their upper portions ultimately entered in the U-sh'a'pe seams of the lining-fabric; a

' series-of blades, or lingers, --inounted Yon the bed of the frame 'a short distancein front of 'the front ends of the ridge-forming chains mounted at the :front end of the niachlm,y

these rolls serving to draw the cushion between them and discharge the same at the Vfront end of the machine. Other instrumentalities associated with those mentioned 'faire employed in the improved machinefand' will be more fullydescribed, be stated at this point that strips of wedding, or batting, are led into the pleats, or pipes, aslthey are formed. These strips' are preferably pre-formed bats which are drawn with the 'fabrics throu h the space between the forming-roll an the endless carriers, or chains. Obviously, however, the strips may be formed rom cottonbatting,- or the like, in any desired manner.

They may, for example, be formed by feedcotton batting vbeing s own brokenly; Fig. l, a .broken elevational View showing a detail-of the main clutch-controlling device employed; Fig. 1b, a broken plan section taken as indicated at linelb of Fig. 1; Fig. 2,-a "broken front elevational view, the cushion being shown in section Fig. 3, a broken plan View of the bed of the machine; Fig. 4, a broken planview on a larger scale showing Valso some of the athering devices associated with the ridgeorm-.ing chains; Fig. 5. a detailed vertical sectional view taken as indicated at linev5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6, a`broken view, taken as indicated at line 6 of Fig. 4

proved machine,- the support of the strips of showing the rearv ysprocket-shaft on which 7 anisms suspended.' on an actuating shaft jourk y nallcd in brackets carried bythe crossLhead; naecharnsm'whlchl appears 1n Flg. 7 at thel and servingto carryand heighten the seamV larged sectional View of the main clutch o jf as it passes from thel ridge-forming chains lthe machine, the section being taken as inditothe sewing edge; a series of sewing mechcated at line Shot Fig. 7 Fig. 9, a broken elevational view-Fillustrating a portion of the right of and above the main clutch, this mechanism serving to control the operation of the wadding-breaker; Fig. 10, an enlarged broken sectional view taken as indicatedat line 10 of Fig. 9; Fig. 11, a broken lon 1tud1- nal vertical sectional view taken as in icated at line 1-1 o`f Fig. 2; Fig. 12, a broken transverse vertical section taken as indicated at line 12 of Fig. 1l; Fig. 13, a broken view of the forming-roll; Fig. 14, a broken view of an interchangeable forming-,roll having different spacing ofthe grooves; Fig. 15, a broken longitudinal vertical sectional view illustrating the relation of the cross-head and' 1ts.attendant parts with respect to the carrierchains, this view showing also a section of a cross-member mounted on the main frame and over which the strips of cotton batting pass as theyare drawn between the lining-creasing shoes, the dotted lines indicating how the cross-head may be raised andthe rockmember carrying the lining-creasing shoes, etc. may be swung about the pivot of the rock-member; Fig. 15, a plan view showing one of a series of adjustable sheet-metal shoes mounted on the cross-bars shown in Fig. 15 and cooperating with the breakerroll; Fig. 16, a broken plan sectional view taken as indicated at line 16 of Fig. 15; Fig. 17 a broken transverse vertical sectlonal view tairen at line 17 of Fig. 16; Fig. 18, a broken transverse vertical sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken as indicated at line 18 of Fig. 11, the section at the left-hand portion of the figure being at the plane where the sewing is effected, while the other portion of the figure is somewhat further back; Fig. 18, a fragmentary longitudinal vertical sectional view taken as indicated at line 18a of Fig. 18; Fig. 19, a broken longitudinal vertical sectional view showing the relation of one of the seam-stretching blades over which the seam rides after it leaves the front end of the ridge-chain; Fig. 20, a broken side ele vational view illustrating the manner in which the forming-roll is driven from the rear one of the sprocket-shafts which carry the short wide chains, this driving means per-v mitting the raising and lowering of the crosshead by a. sort of toggled arrangement of gears and chain; Fig. 21, a broken section taken as indicated at line 21 of Fig. 20; Fig. 22a broken section takenI as indicated at line 22 of Fig. 20; Fig. 23, a view showing the manner in which the rear sprocket-wheels of the ridge-chains are journalled on a stationary transverse shaft at the rear end of the machine; Fig. 24, a broken perspective view illustrating the manner in which the lining-fabric is straightened or stretched laterally on its course to the forming-roll; Fig. 25, a broken transverse vertical sectional view taken as indicated at line 25 of Fig. 11, illustrating the manner in which the upper feedroll at the front end of the machine may be lifted away from the lower roll; Fig. 23, a view illustrating a slight modication, this modification permitting the upper roll to approach the lower r'll when portions of the fabric carrying no cotton wadding pass be- 7 tween the rolls; Fig. 27, a broken perspective view illustrating the manner in which the fabrics and the strips of batts are fed to the forming-roll; Fig. 28, a perspective view illustrating the manner in which the sewing 7 needle of any one of the series of sewing mechanisms is actuated; Fig. 29, a perspective view illustrating the manner in which the looper needle is actuated; Fig. 30, a broken transverse vertical sectional view of S one. of the sewin mechanisms, the section being taken as indicated at line of Fig. 33; Fig. 31, a section taken as indicated at line 31 of Fig. 30, showing a detail of the means for actuating the looper needle; Fig. 32, a plan 8 section taken as indicated at line 32 of Fig 30; Fig. 33, a broken sectional view taken as indicated lat line. 33 of Fig. 2 and showing the manner in which the sewing mechanisms are mounted on said cross-head; Fig. 34, a D. front elevational view of one of the sewing mechanisms; Fig. 35, a detailed sectional view taken as indicated at line 35 of Fig. 30 and illustrating the means by which the swinging of the sewing head is effected; Figs. a 36 and 37, broken perspective sectional views illustrating the manner in which the sewing thread loops and the lock thread loops become interlocked; Fig. 38, al broken plan view illustrating a connected series of cush- 1 ions, with the cotton strips broken between cushions; and Fig. 39, a broken perspective view showing a portion of the cushion and illustrating the seams thereof.

In the embodiment illustrated: A (Figs. l 1, 2, 16 and 17) designates the main frame of the machine which is equip 'ed near its front end with a vertically Inova le cross-head A and which also has a rearward extension A2 which constitutes a portion of the bed of the 1 machine; B (Figs. j 3, 7 and 11), a main drive-shaft j ournalled in theJ front end of the frame; ,B, a companion shaft journalled in the frame some distance back of the shaft B; B2, a series of wide pleat-carrying chains 1 mounted on the shafts mentioned, said chains being separated by spaces; B3, a feed-roll co-acting with the front portions of the chains B2; C and C', front and rear sprocket,- shafts, respectively, upon which are mountl ed a series of narrow, relatively long fabricridging chains C2, the shaft C bein disposed about midway between the shafts and B; D (Figs. 4, 11,12 and 27), asystemof fabric gatherirg devices cO-acting with the ridgei chains 2; E, a forming-roll journalled in the crass-head A and vertically movable therewith; a rocking-member fixedly supported on a shaft F and journalled 1n the cross-head AV (Figs. 11 and 15), Said rock- 1` aaeatve crease the lining-fabric; G (Figs. 4, and

idler-gear M and the cam-disk designated 27), a cross-bar disposed above the endless chains a shortdistance back of the formingroll E, said cross-bar having its ends mounted on the side-members of the main frame and serving as a guide over which the strips of cotton batting pass; H, a series of transverse bars carried by the frame, upon which are mounted a series of transversely adjust-- able longitudinally extending chain guides H from which depend hangers H2 (Figure 12) which' serve to support the return portions ofthe chains G2; I (Figs. 2 and 11), a'

transversely extending actuatingshaft journalled in brackets which are adjustably connected with the front side of the beam of the cross-headxA, said lshaft being provided with an extensible jointed section I2 whichas shown in Figs. 2, 7 and 16"'has a portion 13journalled in the front posts A3 of the nlain frame, these posts being equipped with guides with which are connected the slides of the cross-head A; J, a series of sewing mechanisms suspended from bearings 87:12 and 88m of the bracket members 87 and 88 respectively, in which bearings is journalled the actuating shaft I, said sewing mechanisms being adjustable transversely of the machine to enable pleats of varyingy widths to be made; lK (Figs. 1, 7 and 8'), an electric motor whose armature shaft is connected byl a belt K with a main clutch K2 through the medium of which.. is driven a worm K3 which meshes with the worm-wheel K4 secured ontheend of the main driveshaft B of the machine; L, a sprocket-chain driven from the shaft of the worm K3 and serving to actuate a short longitudinal shaft L which is equipped at its front end with a bevel-gear L2 meshing with a bevel-gear L3 splined on the section I3 of the sewingmechanism actuating shaft I; M, a pinion fixed to the' end of the shaft C and meshing with an idler M carried by a segment M2 which has one end pivoted on the shaft C and the other endadjustably connected, as indicated at 1 with the frame; M3, a combination cam and gear journalled on the stud M4 carried by the frame, the gear-member which is designated 2 meshing with` the 3 being separable `from the gear, the camdisk 3 carrying on its front face a cam-portion 335; N, a. c tch-controlling lever mounted on .a pivot 4 supported ,by a bracket 5 projecting from the frame; N a clutchmeniber fixed to and rotating with the sprocket-shaft N2, a sliding clutch-member mounted on theshaft B" and having a jaw clutch-portion 6' co-acting with the clutch-member N and having a friction clutch-portion 7 co-acting with a iixed frictionK clutch-member 8 carried' by a ring 9 which is secured by bolts 10 to the frame A;

N2, a sleeve, or short tubular shaft, journalled on the shaft B and equipped with a gear 11 with which meshes (when the` crosshead A and the rock-memberF are in nory mal ppsition) a gear on'the breaker-shaft Ft; a spring encircling the sleeve N3 and normally holding the clutch-member N2 in engagement with the clutch-member N', so

that the gear 11 will be rotated with the shaft V A. and thus will serve to actuate the breakershaft Ft; P (Figs. 3 and 7), a chain gearing the.1 main shaft B to the front shaft Cg' (Figs. 7, 20-22),1 means whereby power is transmitted from the shaft B 'to the forming-roll E, said means permitting the roll E to rise with the cross-head without disconnecting the gearing; R (Figs. 3, 11 and L9), a series of laterally adjusta le seam-heighteningdevices, or guide-plates which'co-act with the high links of the ridging chains C2, each of said devices comprising va long nar- ,row blade 12 which extends rearwardly into the space between two rows of high links which constitute aportion of the ridgingchain; S, the finish-fabric of the cushion which is taken from a roll S suspended from the frame-extension A2; T, a liningfabric, or foundation cloth, which is taken from a roll T supported in an elevated position in the rear 'of the forming-roll; and U, the s trips of cotton batting taken from rolls, or plies, U supported ony a 'stand U2 which is disposed in the rear of the cushion-forming machine, the strips U being drawn to the machine over suitable guides U3 and entering between the finish-fabric and the linlng-fabric as will be understood from Figs. 1 and 27.

Referring ,tol Figs. 1, 1a, 1b, 7 and '8,'the

main clutch K2 of the machine is controlled by a device V which is provided with a front pedal 13 and a rear pedal 14. The device is so constructed that the machine may be stopped by means of either pedal. On the other hand, the machine cannot be started except through the medium of a front nedal. The. pedal 13 is rigidly connected with a rock-shaft 15 which also has rigidly vconnected therewith a short arm 11a which is connected by a link 11b with a rock-member 16 which controls the clutch K2. The pedal '14 is carried by a sleeve 14a journalled on the rock-shaft 15; and the sleeve 14a is equipped tion.

with a short arm 14b which is connected by a rod 14 with the bell-crank lever 16. Downward movement of the pedal 14 is limited by a stop 14"l which projects from the frame A of the machine,

The clutch K2. is of known construction. The clutch-members have connected with them a shaft K5 and a shaft K", the former supported in a large bearing K7 and the latter serving to drive theA worm Kl and the chain L, as shown in Fig. 7. The clutch is equipped with a spring K8 which tends to thrust the sleeve K9 to the left, as shown in Fig. 8, thus holding the clutch in engagement. By moving the member K9 to. the right through the medium of the collar K1 and thel yoke of the lever 16 shown in Fig. 1, the clutch is disconnected.

The pedal 13 has mounted thereon a bellcrank lever 17 whose elbow-portion is journalled on a stud 18 carried by the pedal 13. The short arm of the member 17 is equipped with a spring 17a which engages a stud 17b with which the pedal 13 is equipped. :The long arm of the member 17 is equipped with a stud 17 which works in a cam-slot 19 with which a plate 19a carried by the main frame is provided.- In the position shown in Fig. 1, the stud 17 engages the upper portion of the cam slot 19. This corresponds with the positionwhen the machine is operating. By means of either foot pedal, the member 16 may be swung to the right, as viewed in Figs. 1 and lu to throw the clutch K2 out of opera- If it be desired to hold the machine out of operation, the pedal 13 may be depressed. In that case, the stud 17, will ride 4 down the inclined guide 19b and finally enter the recess 19 which will hold the pedal locked in the lowered osition; the pedal 13, t e stud 17 may be released from en agement with the recess 19, and the spring 1 2 will serve to throw the member 17 in ythe direction to cause the stud 17 to ride up the slot 19d and finally to the position shown in Fig. 14. The stop 14 prevents the pedal 14 from being depressed sufficiently to release the stud 17 from the recess 19- On the other hand, the arm carrying the pedal 13 may be depressed or sprung downwardly suiiiciently to effect such release `and thus permit the main clutch K2 to be thrown to the operative position.

The frame A of the machine maybe of any desired construction. In the illustration given, thel frame comprisesl heavy end-standards 2O and heavy cross-bars 21, 22, 23, 24, 25

` and 26 (Figs. 3, 11 and 19). Of these members, the members 22-25, as well as the members H, serve as supports for the laterally adjustable longitudinal chain-supporting bars As shown in Figs. 11 and 12, the clips engage By again lowering' slots with which the cross-members are provided The hangers H2 are composed of longitudinal bars 29 .and stirrups 30 which are attached to the bars H. The bars are `slotted to support the lower or return members of the chain C2. These chain-supports and guides which have been described may be adjusted laterally to correspond with the width of the pleat.

The shafts C and C are equipped with sprocket wheels 31 which support the ridgechains C2. As shown in Fig. 19, the front sprocket-wheels 31 are keyed to the shaft C; and as shown in Fig. 23 the rear sprocketwheels 31 are journalled on the shaft C', being confined between adjustable collars 32. Thus, the sprocket-chains may be'adjusted on the shafts to correspond with the distance between seams. l

The manner of supporting the rear shaft C will be understood from Figs. 4-6. The rear portion of the frame A2 is provided with longitudinal dove-tailed grooves 33 in which are mounted 'adjustable slides 34 adapted to be adjusted by set-screws 35 interposed between the slides and shoulders 36 with which the frame is provided. The shaft C has its ends rigidly secured in the adjustable supports 34. y means of adjustment, the desired tautness may be given to the ridgechains.

The finish-fabric S passes over the rea-r sprocket-wheels and beneath a semi-cylindrical shield 37 which is carried by arms 38 which extend rearwardly from the rearmost cross-bar H (Figs. 4 and 5).

As appears from Fig. 23, the sprocketwheels are provided with central grooves 31l1 adapted to be en aged by inner projections with which the links of the chains are provided. As shown in Figs. 15, 18 and 19, the ridge-chains C2 are provided with two rows of high links 39 which are separated by a space; and Athese links are lanked'at their base by low links 39, two or three at each side.

.The short Wide chains B2 which carry the pleat, or pipe-portions, of the cushion are carried by sprocket-wheels' 40 which are laterally adjustable on the shafts B and B to correspond with the spacing of the pleats of the cushion.

The system of fabric-gathering devices I) which over-lie 'and cooperate with the ridging-chains C2 com rise a series of transverse tubular bars 41 (Flgs. 3z 4, 11 and 12) hangers, or brackets, 42 adjustably mounted on .the transverse members 4'1; and longitudinally disposed sheet-metal shoes 43 suspended from the lower sides of the bracket-rin The shoes are of a cross-section shape s own in Fig. 12. Thus, they are provided with upwardly extending channel-portions 43 and lateral wings 43". ,y The channels afford a passage for the high links of the ridge-chains sesame and the wings serve to depress the huish-fab "ric to provide the fullness which is necessary connected therewith.- hangers it which are lateraily adjustable. in a T-slot with which the cross-bar G is provided. The members 43 are laterally adjustable so as to be propf eriy centered over the ridge-chains in any position of adjustment thereof., As shown in Fig. 47 which represents one-half oi the system of shoes 43, the rear extremities of the gathering devices occupy successively advance positions with reference tol the rearv l end ci the contrai device. yLillie purpose is to first make the necessary gathering of the inateriai at the center ridge-chain and then successively at the severai ridge-chains on either side of the contrai one.

The lateral edges oi the finish-fabric S are indicated at 46, showing in a general vvay how the cloth is drawn in as it is gathered. it is preferred to mount upon the cross-hars ii a device comprising a motor 4:7 and rotary brushes 48 actuated thereby, these brushes rotating in the direction indicated by the 'arrows and because oi their' oblique disposition tending to stretch the cloth laterally and prevent it from becoming wrinkled. @ne of these cloth-smoothing devices (e nivallent to a frictional hoiding deviceqi is mounted at each side of the machine. The iaterai edges of the cioth are confined he tween the brushes and surfaces t9 over which the iaterel margins oi the cioth passu rihe forming-rollt E is provided with circumierential grooves 50 which correspond in spacing with the spacing of the seams ot the cushion.

Figs. 13 and it show interchangeable relis E and Ei in which grooves 50 are diderentiy spaced to correspond with diderent spacings of the seams. As appears from Fig. 1i, the

contrai portions 413B ci the slices 423 are in aliricment with the grooves 5d oi'- the formingc voli. i l s Referring to Figs. 38 and 39. the finish- :iabric S of the cushion is provided 'with high upstanding U-shape seams 5i whose upper portions are received in the upper portion of the reiatively ionT iii-shape seams 52 with which the lining-fabric T is provided. The.

cotton batte U are shown as having therein longitudinal strips oir' reinforcing paper 53. lii' desired, these reinforcing strips may be omitted.

The forming-roher E is equipped at one end (Figs. 7, 20-22) with a sprocket-vvheelL 5t through the medium ci which the forming roii is driven by means of a chain 55 which connects with an idler sproclret-Wheei 56 which. is' integral with or rigidiy secured to an idier-gear 5? which meshes with a Tear 58 secured on the shaft E. The i ier= sprocket and gear 5t' and 5'? arejournaiied on a stud 59 which is secured to a housingmember :ti-0 which is iournalled on a reduced portion of the shat'B. It vviii he understood thatvvhen the lcross-head A which caru ries the forming-roll E vislifted, the stud 59 may swing about-the shaft B as apivot. As

vshown in Figs. 21 and 22, a short bars. or

iink, 6i connects-the stud59 and the shaft E; and the member (il carries a housing-band 61a for the sprocket-chain. Thus it will be understood that thestud 59 forms a scissors' joint between the housing-member and the member (il.

As Wiii be understood .from Figs. 2., l5 and 27, the. frame F Whiehis capable oi? being svvung about the shaft F is actuated by the mechanism F2. This mechanism comprises a, Worm-Wheel 62 which is xediy secured on one end oi the shaft and a worin 63 meshing therewith., the 'worm being journalled in lugs 6e vvitli which. the cross-head fr is equipped.

The cross-head A comprises a deep heavy bar, or cross-beami 65 (Figs. 2, 1.6 and 17), which has its ends secured by bolts, or capscrevvs (iii to slides 674. The slides are provided vvith. l:iz-heads 67E* which are movable in vertical guides 68 vvith which the front corner posts of the frame A.3 are provided. The guides' have removable strips 68 secured hy boite, or cap-screws, 68". The slides 67 are provided vvith verticai passages in which are mounted nuts 69 through Which vvorlr vertical screws 70. These screws have shanlrs T1. journalled in. the frame A. rEhe Shanks are equipped with collars Z2 which rest upon ball bearings 73. The lower ends of the screw-shafts are equipped with beveilhy setscrevvs 78a. i The pleats or shoes, 78

have concaves 7 8b which conform to the Jforming-roii E9 and the shoes 7 8 also have ionpjez tudinai grooves 7 8 6 which register with the grooves 50 of the forming-roll.

As appears'irom Figs. i8 and i', the outer shoes f8 which do not engage stuiied pleats are provided with lea-springs 79 which are adapted to press the niies of cloth against the carrier-chains E, the eiiect being to hold the lateral margins of the -abric properly in position on the chain and prevent the laterai portions irons being drawn inwardly unduly. @n the .other hand, the shoes 78 beneath rvhich the studed 'pleats pass need not be provided with such springs. Here7 the shoes 78 

